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Reference:Movements: Difference between revisions

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<div class="rp-index">
<div class="rp-index">
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Prince (shaped)</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-300|300]] [[#cal-300-ts|7½ T.S. 300]] [[#cal-310|310]] [[#cal-360-hw|360 HW]] [[#cal-350-ts|350 T.S.]] [[#cal-1759|1759]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Prince (shaped)</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-300|300]] [[#cal-300-ts|7½ T.S. 300]] [[#cal-310|310]] [[#cal-360-hw|360 HW]] [[#cal-350-ts|350 T.S.]] [[#cal-1759|1759]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Oyster Perpetual automatic</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-1130-rolex-automatic|1130 OP]] [[#cal-1160|1160]] [[#cal-1161|1161]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Oyster Perpetual automatic</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-1130-rolex-automatic|1130 OP]] [[#cal-1160|1160]] [[#cal-1161|1161]] [[#cal-2030|2030]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Bubbleback / early automatic</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-520|520]] [[#cal-50|50]] [[#cal-620|620]] [[#cal-630|630]] [[#cal-635|635]] [[#cal-105-hunter|700/710]] [[#cal-600|600]] [[#cal-59|59]] [[#cal-a260|A260]] [[#cal-a296|A296]] [[#cal-a295|A.295]] [[#cal-645|645]] [[#cal-740|740]] [[#cal-745|745]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Bubbleback / early automatic</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-520|520]] [[#cal-420|420]] [[#cal-50|50]] [[#cal-620|620]] [[#cal-630|630]] [[#cal-635|635]] [[#cal-105-hunter|700/710]] [[#cal-600|600]] [[#cal-59|59]] [[#cal-a260|A260]] [[#cal-a296|A296]] [[#cal-a295|A.295]] [[#cal-645|645]] [[#cal-720-auto|720 automatic (lot attribution)]] [[#cal-740|740]] [[#cal-745|745]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Calendar / moonphase</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-a295-cpl|A.295 CPL]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Calendar / moonphase</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-a295-cpl|A.295 CPL]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Early Oyster (lot attribution)</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-2849-note|2849 (Cal. 500 attribution)]]</div></div>
<div class="rp-era"><div class="rp-era-name">Early Oyster (lot attribution)</div><div class="rp-chips">[[#cal-2849-note|2849 (Cal. 500 attribution)]]</div></div>
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| 7040-3 || [[Reference:5441/9|5441/9]] || 18 ct white gold; silver Godron Circulaire or diamond-pavé Godron dial
| 7040-3 || [[Reference:5441/9|5441/9]] || 18 ct white gold; silver Godron Circulaire or diamond-pavé Godron dial
|-
|-
| 7040-2 || 5442/5 || Everose gold; Rayon Flammé de la Gloire dial
| 7040-2 || [[Reference:5442/5|5442/5]] || Everose gold; Rayon Flammé de la Gloire dial
|-
|-
| 7040-4 || 5443/9 || 18 ct white gold; double Rayon Flammé de la Gloire dial
| 7040-4 || 5443/9 || 18 ct white gold; double Rayon Flammé de la Gloire dial
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Rolex's model-specific text assigns Cal. 7040-3 to both 5441/9 dial versions. Antiquorum's 2008 catalogue calls case D758994 Cal. 7040-1; Christie's and Sotheby's identify other 5441/9 examples as 7040-3. Keep Antiquorum's label with that lot; the available record does not resolve it. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141220000635/http://www.rolex.com/watches/cellini-rolex-prince/m5441_9-0012.html Rolex archived Cellini Prince product page, 2014]; [https://www.rolexforum.nl/prijslijst-rolex-NL2015.pdf Rolex Netherlands price list, 2015]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-205-78 Antiquorum, Geneva, 2008]; [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-5493261 Christie's, case D774253]; [https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2010/important-watches-ge1001/lot.132.html Sotheby's, Geneva, 2010, lot 132].
Rolex's model-specific text assigns Cal. 7040-3 to both 5441/9 dial versions. Antiquorum's 2008 catalogue calls case D758994 Cal. 7040-1; Christie's and Sotheby's identify other 5441/9 examples as 7040-3. Keep Antiquorum's label with that lot; the available record does not resolve it. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141220000635/http://www.rolex.com/watches/cellini-rolex-prince/m5441_9-0012.html Rolex archived Cellini Prince product page, 2014]; [https://www.rolexforum.nl/prijslijst-rolex-NL2015.pdf Rolex Netherlands price list, 2015]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-205-78 Antiquorum, Geneva, 2008]; [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-5493261 Christie's, case D774253]; [https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2010/important-watches-ge1001/lot.132.html Sotheby's, Geneva, 2010, lot 132].
Rolex's archived 5442/5 page assigns Cal. 7040-2, as do Christie's, Kaplans and Sotheby's examples. Antiquorum's 2008 and 2022 catalogues call two 5442/5 movements 7040-1. Retain those labels with their lots; the available images do not establish a separate reference-wide movement version. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141017054035/http://www.rolex.com/watches/cellini-rolex-prince/m5442_5-0001.html Rolex archived 5442/5 product page, 2014]; [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-5196177 Christie's Geneva 2009, lot 315]; [https://www.kaplans.se/sv/auktioner/2592/vara/999631 Kaplans, Stockholm, 2013, lot 469]; [https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2021/fine-watches-6/cellini-ref-5442-montre-bracelet-en-or-rose-pink Sotheby's, 2021]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-205-231 Antiquorum, Geneva, 2008, lot 231]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-5442-5-prince-cellini-lot-353-198 Antiquorum, Monaco, 2022, lot 198].


<span id="bubbleback-family"></span>
<span id="bubbleback-family"></span>
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The Field Manual lists Cal. 1161 on base 1100, with automatic winding, 26 jewels and 19,800 vph; its table gives 1970. Sotheby's attributes Cal. 1161 to a ref. [[Reference:6548|6548]] dated circa 1964. Bonhams assigns it to a circa-1968 watch catalogued jointly as refs. 6548/6549. These catalogue dates precede the manual's entry; the sources do not establish the 6548 fitment interval or resolve the conflict. [https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/0b5fdf83/files/uploaded/1.0%20RolexBook-23Mar.pdf The Vintage Rolex Field Manual]; [https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2020/watches-5/rolex-reference-6548-oyster-perpetual-mickey-mouse-2 Sotheby's]; [https://images1.bonhams.com/original?src=Images%2Flive%2F2020-01%2F30%2FS-25954-0-1.pdf Bonhams, lot 161]
The Field Manual lists Cal. 1161 on base 1100, with automatic winding, 26 jewels and 19,800 vph; its table gives 1970. Sotheby's attributes Cal. 1161 to a ref. [[Reference:6548|6548]] dated circa 1964. Bonhams assigns it to a circa-1968 watch catalogued jointly as refs. 6548/6549. These catalogue dates precede the manual's entry; the sources do not establish the 6548 fitment interval or resolve the conflict. [https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/0b5fdf83/files/uploaded/1.0%20RolexBook-23Mar.pdf The Vintage Rolex Field Manual]; [https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2020/watches-5/rolex-reference-6548-oyster-perpetual-mickey-mouse-2 Sotheby's]; [https://images1.bonhams.com/original?src=Images%2Flive%2F2020-01%2F30%2FS-25954-0-1.pdf Bonhams, lot 161]
<span id="cal-2030"></span>
=== Cal. 2030 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:280px; font-size:90%;"
! detail
! value
|-
| type
| Automatic, sweep seconds
|-
| jewels
| 28
|-
| hacking
| Yes
|-
| fitment documented here
| [[Reference:6718|6718]]; exact-reference catalogues list Cal. 2030 in individual watches
|}
Rolex's 1978 Technical and Service Information describes Cal. 2030 as automatic, with sweep seconds, 28 jewels and hacking. It distinguishes the calendar-equipped Cal. 2035. Sotheby's and Antiquorum catalogue Cal. 2030 in individual 6718 watches. The exact-reference catalogues document those individual fitments; broader 6718 fitment and production dates remain unresolved. [https://www.vrfm.io/Scans/TECHNICAL-SERVICE-INFO-3RD-EDITION-1978.pdf Rolex, Technical and Service Information, 3rd ed. (1978)]; [https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2021/fine-watches-11/oyster-perpetual-reference-6718-a-yellow-gold Sotheby's, lot 8136]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-253-252 Antiquorum, lot 252]


== Bubbleback and early automatic ==
== Bubbleback and early automatic ==


Bubbleback and early Oyster Perpetual references use a distinct family of self-winding calibers. They followed the Prince's manual shaped movements and preceded the standardized post-war automatic line. The "bubble" refers to the domed caseback needed to clear the full-rotor automatic mechanism. It was not a bumper system, although many competing automatics still used one.
Bubbleback and early Oyster Perpetual references use a distinct family of self-winding calibers. They followed the Prince's manual shaped movements and preceded the standardized post-war automatic line. The "bubble" refers to the domed caseback needed to clear the full-rotor automatic mechanism. It was not a bumper system, although many competing automatics still used one.
<span id="cal-420"></span>
=== Cal. 420 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:280px; font-size:90%;"
! detail
! value
|-
| type / size
| Automatic centre-seconds; catalogue prints “7¾” and separately lists Ø 19.4 mm
|-
| reference attribution
| Possible ref. [[Reference:5002|5002]] attribution from James Dowling; 5002 catalogue descriptions of subsidiary seconds conflict with Cal. 420’s centre-seconds description
|}
Rolex's parts catalogue establishes Cal. 420's type and specifications, but it does not list ref. 5002 as a fitment. James Dowling's reference-specific listing assigns the caliber to a 5002. The seconds-layout mismatch leaves that assignment uncertain; available auction images show no readable movement stamp. Antiquorum describes an 8-ligne movement size in one 5002 catalogue entry. [https://www.clubderelojeria.com/comunicaciones/R/ROLEX/rolex170/rolex%20170.pdf Rolex spare-parts catalogue ref. 170, Cal. 420]; [https://www.ukwatches.com/product/007-rolex-14k-1950s-oyster-perpetual-ladys-bubbleback/ James Dowling, ref. 5002 listing]


<span id="cal-520"></span>
<span id="cal-520"></span>
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|-
|-
| type
| type
| Automatic
| Automatic; listed for ref. 1858 in the Vintage Rolex Field Manual
|-
|-
| jewels
| jewels
| 17 (registry; 19 in some auction descriptions)
| 17 in Aste Bolaffi lot 34 and Antiquorum’s 6006 lot 253; 19 in Antiquorum lots 229 and 233
|-
| frequency
| 18,000 vph (2.5 Hz)
|-
|-
| escapement
| movement size
| Straight-line lever
| 8¾ line in several catalogues; 9¾ line in Antiquorum Hong Kong lot 47
|-
|-
| balance
| other recorded details
| Superbalance
| Lot-specific descriptions include a straight-line lever escapement, screwed balance, and Breguet hairspring
|}
|}


Cal. 520 debuted in the original 1933 ref. 1858 with its three-piece Oyster case. Antiquorum describes the 8¾-ligne rhodium-plated movement in a [[Reference:3353|3353]] as automatic, with 19 jewels, 18,000 vph, a straight-line lever escapement, and a Superbalance with Breguet balance spring. Cal. 620 superseded it as the architecture developed through the mid-1930s. No confirmed movement photograph is available; a generic early Bubbleback movement should not be identified as a 520 unless the engraved caliber number is visible.
The Field Manual lists Cal. 520 for ref. 1858; Antiquorum attributes it to the 1952 ref. 6006, case 927300, and reports 17 jewels. Aste Bolaffi identifies movement 1143 as Hunter 8¾ (520), and Vintage & Prestige and WatchNet list Cal. 520 for their ref. 1858 examples. Hodinkee's 2024 family guide instead assigns Cal. 620 to the first series beginning with ref. 1858. Phillips and Antiquorum's 2006 and 2013 lots list 8¾-line movements; Antiquorum's 2021 Hong Kong entry gives 9¾ line without naming a caliber. The lots report 17 jewels for Bolaffi movement 1143 and 19 for the two Antiquorum movements.
 
Aste Bolaffi identifies movement 1143 as Cal. 520 in its lot description; the caliber stamp is not legible in its photograph. WatchNet's image of product A-6378 shows English service labels, including “CONNECTING CASE SCREWS.”


<span id="cal-50"></span>
<span id="cal-50"></span>
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Launched in 1937, Cal. 630 was chronometer-certified under the period Swiss testing system, adjusted to seven positions, and fitted with a Breguet hairspring. One secondary source gives 18 jewels rather than the table's 17. The movement developed directly from Cal. 620 and shares its "Vis Tirette *** Patented *** Trigger Screw" cover-plate marking. Its rotor and bridge also carry the same "Rolex Perpetual Chronometer, Swiss Made, Patented, Super-Balance" signature. The caliber number stamped in the small box on the bridge distinguishes the two.
Launched in 1937, Cal. 630 was chronometer-certified under the period Swiss testing system, adjusted to seven positions, and fitted with a Breguet hairspring. One secondary source gives 18 jewels rather than the table's 17. The movement developed directly from Cal. 620 and shares its "Vis Tirette *** Patented *** Trigger Screw" cover-plate marking. Its rotor and bridge also carry the same "Rolex Perpetual Chronometer, Swiss Made, Patented, Super-Balance" signature. The caliber number stamped in the small box on the bridge distinguishes the two.
Antiquorum catalogues ref. [[Reference:4392|4392]], case 607544, with Cal. 630 and a small-seconds dial. The same lot says the dial is probably reprinted, and its photographs do not show the movement. Keep the caliber and dial layout as a conflicting catalogue description, not a verified Cal. 630 small-seconds variant. [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-4392-bubble-back-stainless-steel-lot-383-105 Antiquorum, lot 105]


The Field Manual also lists Cal. 630 against the 3372 suffix variants. Antiquorum explicitly names Cal. 630 in a 3372 with centre seconds ([New York lot 436](https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-23-436)). The same manual lists subsidiary seconds for one 3372/3 entry, while Christie's catalogue describes a 3372 with small seconds and a 9¾-ligne, 17-jewel movement but gives no caliber number ([case 474309](https://www.christies.com/lot/rolex-oyster-perpetual-chronometre-bubble-back-ref-5091692/?intObjectID=5091692&lid=1)). Keep those statements tied to their sources; they do not establish a Cal. 630 small-seconds variant.
The Field Manual also lists Cal. 630 against the 3372 suffix variants. Antiquorum explicitly names Cal. 630 in a 3372 with centre seconds ([New York lot 436](https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-23-436)). The same manual lists subsidiary seconds for one 3372/3 entry, while Christie's catalogue describes a 3372 with small seconds and a 9¾-ligne, 17-jewel movement but gives no caliber number ([case 474309](https://www.christies.com/lot/rolex-oyster-perpetual-chronometre-bubble-back-ref-5091692/?intObjectID=5091692&lid=1)). Keep those statements tied to their sources; they do not establish a Cal. 630 small-seconds variant.
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Watches of Knightsbridge catalogues a circa-1952 [[Reference:6056|ref. 6056]] with a 17-jewel manual-wind Cal. 710. Eguchi Vintage lists a separate seller-identified 6056 with partial serial 863*** and also names manual Cal. 710. Neither source provides a movement photograph; Eguchi says its movement was checked only. These are individual catalogue attributions, not verified reference-wide fitment. [https://watchesofknightsbridge.com/auctions/wp-content/uploads/19th-November-2016-SaleResults.pdf Watches of Knightsbridge, 19 November 2016, lot 328]; [https://eguchi-store.jp/stocklist/e21080102/ Eguchi Vintage, ref. 6056 listing]
Watches of Knightsbridge catalogues a circa-1952 [[Reference:6056|ref. 6056]] with a 17-jewel manual-wind Cal. 710. Eguchi Vintage lists a separate seller-identified 6056 with partial serial 863*** and also names manual Cal. 710. Neither source provides a movement photograph; Eguchi says its movement was checked only. These are individual catalogue attributions, not verified reference-wide fitment. [https://watchesofknightsbridge.com/auctions/wp-content/uploads/19th-November-2016-SaleResults.pdf Watches of Knightsbridge, 19 November 2016, lot 328]; [https://eguchi-store.jp/stocklist/e21080102/ Eguchi Vintage, ref. 6056 listing]
Two auction catalogues also assign manual Cal. 710 to ref. [[Reference:4364|4364]]: Dorotheum names it for movement 19229 in a circa-1950 watch, and Meeting Art names it for movement E66008 in case 554633. The second listing is mirrored by Gazette Drouot. These are catalogue attributions to two watches; neither provides a readable movement photograph, so keep the caliber assignment lot-specific. [https://www.dorotheum.com/en/l/10078639/ Dorotheum, 30 April 2026]; [https://www.gazette-drouot.com/ventes-aux-encheres/165819-asta-976-prima-sessione-orologi-moderni-e-d-epoca Meeting Art, 17 May 2025, lot 30]


<span id="cal-600"></span>
<span id="cal-600"></span>
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|}
|}


The 10½-ligne FHF 30 was made by Fontainemelon. David Boettcher documents it in Oyster Watch Co. watches and identifies Cal. 59, with a centre-seconds 59SC version, as Tudor designations. That account does not establish a Rolex factory designation for Cal. 59. Auction catalogues use the name for individual watches: four ref. [[Reference:3478|3478]]s, one [[Reference:3121|3121]] Grenfell (case 43,475, 17 jewels), and two ref. [[Reference:3136|3136]]s. The 3121 record's structured year says circa 1938, while its notes call it a 1940s watch and attribute 1938 to the caseback. Heritage calls the FHF 30 in 3136 case 105063 “subsequently renamed Rolex caliber 59”; Waddington's labels case 147396 Cal. 59. Those are attributions in the named lot records, not proof of universal fitment or a factory naming rule. Cal. 700/710 assignments below remain family-level matches rather than photographed or catalogued stamps.
The 10½-ligne FHF 30 was made by Fontainemelon. David Boettcher documents it in Oyster Watch Co. watches and identifies Cal. 59, with a centre-seconds 59SC version, as Tudor designations. That account does not establish a Rolex factory designation for Cal. 59. Auction catalogues use the name for individual watches: four ref. [[Reference:3478|3478]]s, one [[Reference:3121|3121]] Grenfell (case 43,475, 17 jewels), and two ref. [[Reference:3136|3136]]s. The 3121 record's structured year says circa 1938, while its notes call it a 1940s watch and attribute 1938 to the caseback. Heritage calls the FHF 30 in 3136 case 105063 “subsequently renamed Rolex caliber 59”; Waddington's labels case 147396 Cal. 59. Those are attributions in the named lot records, not proof of universal fitment or a factory naming rule.
 
Ref. [[Reference:3351|3351]] adds further lot-level attributions. Heritage describes Cal. 59 in Regent case 118141; Dawsons names it in a Lincoln with serial 170648; and Wanna Buy A Watch lists it in a Standard with a masked serial. AntiWatchman's separate Regent photograph shows a movement marked 59. Darlor also lists Cal. 59 on a dealer-described 3351-F with serial 118,489. Christie's records an Extra Prima in another 3351 Extra Precision. These are attributions to individual watches, not one movement specification for the reference. ([https://jewelry.ha.com/c/item.zx?ic16=ViewItem-Auction-Archive-JumpLot-PreviousLot-050318&lotNo=56280&saleNo=5242 Heritage]; [https://dawsons.blob.core.windows.net/main/Full%20Catalogue%20-%20May%202022%20Jewellery.pdf Dawsons]; [https://wannabuyawatch.com/product/rolex-oyster-standard-ref-3351-boys-size-circa-1941/ Wanna Buy A Watch]; [https://antiwatchman.com/products/detail.php?product_id=14533 AntiWatchman]; [https://www.darlor-watch.com/rolex_watches_3.html Darlor]; [https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-3057585 Christie's]) Cal. 700/710 assignments below remain family-level matches rather than photographed or catalogued stamps.


Jewel count splits 15 and 17 across the four directly-named 3478 watches; the cited 3136 lots give 15 jewels. The 3478 sample does not track cleanly with any other documented variable. [[Reference:2784|2784]] carries the same family attribution, but only at the family level: no auction catalogue names Cal. 59 outright for that reference, and the one movement image tied to a visibly stamped 2784 case has a Tudor-signed bridge that may be a later replacement.
Jewel count splits 15 and 17 across the four directly-named 3478 watches; the cited 3136 lots give 15 jewels. The 3478 sample does not track cleanly with any other documented variable. [[Reference:2784|2784]] carries the same family attribution, but only at the family level: no auction catalogue names Cal. 59 outright for that reference, and the one movement image tied to a visibly stamped 2784 case has a Tudor-signed bridge that may be a later replacement.
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|}
|}


A260 powered the first Submariner references, 6204 and 6205, from 1953 to 1955. "A.260" is Rolex's size-family code for this movement class, comparable to the Prince family's "T.S." code. Its non-butterfly rotor distinguishes it from the butterfly-rotor Cal. 1030. Hodinkee traces A260 to a movement used in earlier Oyster Perpetuals and later Bubblebacks, predating its Submariner fitment. The registry uses 17 jewels; some auction descriptions give 19, so the count should be checked against the individual movement.
A260 powered the first Submariner references, 6204 and 6205, from 1953 to 1955. "A.260" is Rolex's size-family code for this movement class, comparable to the Prince family's "T.S." code. Its non-butterfly rotor distinguishes it from the butterfly-rotor Cal. 1030. Hodinkee traces A260 to a movement used in earlier Oyster Perpetuals and later Bubblebacks, predating its Submariner fitment. The registry uses 17 jewels; some auction descriptions give 19, so the count should be checked against the individual movement. Auction catalogues use both labels on ref. [[Reference:6106|6106]] examples: Monaco Legend identifies case 803400 as A260, while Antiquorum names Cal. 645 in a separate 6106. These are specimen-level attributions, consistent with A.260 as a size-family code rather than a unique commercial caliber name.


<span id="cal-a296"></span>
<span id="cal-a296"></span>
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Jewel counts also vary according to whether a catalogue includes the automatic module. Bonhams describes the related [[#cal-745|Cal. 745]] as "18 jewels plus 7 rotor jewels." Its 20-jewel description of a Cal. 645 in a 6085 should remain attached to that example; it does not establish a universal jewel count.
Jewel counts also vary according to whether a catalogue includes the automatic module. Bonhams describes the related [[#cal-745|Cal. 745]] as "18 jewels plus 7 rotor jewels." Its 20-jewel description of a Cal. 645 in a 6085 should remain attached to that example; it does not establish a universal jewel count.
<span id="cal-720-auto"></span>
=== Cal. 720 (automatic lot attribution) ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:280px; font-size:90%;"
! detail
! value
|-
| type
| Automatic, as catalogued in one ref. 5026
|-
| jewels
| 18, according to Aste Bolaffi lot 4
|-
| other specifications
| Not recorded in the source
|-
| evidence
| Case 443371; no movement photograph
|}
Aste Bolaffi identifies an automatic Cal. 720 with 18 jewels in ref. [[Reference:5026|5026]], case 443371, dated circa 1958. This is one catalogue attribution; the lot has no movement photograph, and the other exact-reference records located do not name a caliber. Keep this use separate from the hand-wound Kew A reports that also use “Cal. 720” for a Cal. 700-based movement or components. [https://www.astebolaffi.it/en/lot/257/4/detail Aste Bolaffi, lot 4] [https://www.bonhams.com/auction/24632/lot/21/ Bonhams, ref. 5056] [https://www.vetroplastica.it/rolex-kew-a-18.html Vetroplastica]


<span id="cal-740"></span>
<span id="cal-740"></span>
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Antiquorum gives 26 jewels for its Cal. 740 example. That count should be kept with the source's description. A different count in a reference table may reflect a counting convention or a different execution; the number alone does not settle which.
Antiquorum gives 26 jewels for its Cal. 740 example. That count should be kept with the source's description. A different count in a reference table may reflect a counting convention or a different execution; the number alone does not settle which.


Antiquorum also assigns Cal. 740 to manual-wind [[Reference:6094|ref. 6094]], usually with 17 jewels. Its 2008 lot labels the case 6094/6294; the 2010 and 2012 lots identify ref. 6094 alone. The 2018 listing for case 882812 calls the watch self-winding in its headline while the specification field gives Cal. 740. Keep these as lot-level attributions: the records do not establish that the 6094 Cal. 740 is the automatic 26-jewel movement documented here for ref. 4467. [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-203-530 Antiquorum, lot 530]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-242-134 Antiquorum, lot 134]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-6094-tropical-lot-262-291 Antiquorum, lot 291]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-6094-oysterdate-precision-lot-313-138 Antiquorum, lot 138].
Antiquorum also assigns Cal. 740 to manual-wind [[Reference:6094|ref. 6094]], usually with 17 jewels. Its 2008 lot labels the case 6094/6294; the 2010 and 2012 lots identify ref. 6094 alone. The 2018 listing for case 882812 calls the watch self-winding in its headline while the specification field gives Cal. 740. Watch-Wiki lists Cal. 740 as an automatic 18-jewel Datejust movement; Antiquorum describes the ref. 4467 Cal. 740 documented here as automatic with 26 jewels. These records use Cal. 740 for different movement descriptions. A separate 6094 photograph shows Rolex and 17 jewels, but no legible caliber stamp; it cannot confirm the auction attribution. [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-203-530 Antiquorum, lot 530]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-242-134 Antiquorum, lot 134]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-6094-tropical-lot-262-291 Antiquorum, lot 291]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-6094-oysterdate-precision-lot-313-138 Antiquorum, lot 138]; [https://everywatch.com/rolex/oysterdate-precision/6094/watch-12440774 EveryWatch transcription of Bonhams, lot 85]; [https://www.hashtagwatchco.com/products/1953-rolex-oysterdate-precision-6094-white-red-date-stainless-steel-manual-wristwatch HASHTAGWATCHCO, ref. 6094 listing photographs]; [https://www.watch-wiki.net/doku.php?id=rolex_calibres Watch-Wiki, Rolex calibre index].


Surviving examples can have replacement movements or parts. A reference launch date should not be assigned automatically to the movement now inside a particular case.
Surviving examples can have replacement movements or parts. A reference launch date should not be assigned automatically to the movement now inside a particular case.
Line 796: Line 862:


Keep this A.295 attribution separate from [[#cal-a295-cpl|A.295 CPL]], the complete calendar and moonphase movement catalogued in ref. 8171.
Keep this A.295 attribution separate from [[#cal-a295-cpl|A.295 CPL]], the complete calendar and moonphase movement catalogued in ref. 8171.
Ref. 5029 catalogue descriptions also differ: Hodinkee calls case 610727 A.295, while Phillips calls case 651'517 “Automatic, Super Balance, 730.” Antiquorum describes 9¾-line, 18-jewel movements in cases 673206 and 660596 without a caliber number. The lots do not include movement photographs for those cases, so these labels remain example-specific; the evidence does not support a new caliber entry or a 5029-wide assignment. [https://shop.hodinkee.com/products/1947-rolex-ref-5029-two-tone-oyster-perpetual-big-bubble Hodinkee] [https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/87265 Phillips] [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-262-295 Antiquorum, lot 295] [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-242-433 Antiquorum, lot 433]


<span id="cal-745"></span>
<span id="cal-745"></span>
Line 910: Line 978:
The pallet fork runs in jewels, while the escape wheel has shock-mounted settings and cap jewels on both pivots, matching the treatment of the balance. Indirect centre seconds, driven from the fourth wheel through a friction-sprung pinion, can produce seconds-hand flutter even in a healthy movement. The earliest examples may lack shock protection; Antiquorum's 1946 ref. 4560 description names none.
The pallet fork runs in jewels, while the escape wheel has shock-mounted settings and cap jewels on both pivots, matching the treatment of the balance. Indirect centre seconds, driven from the fourth wheel through a friction-sprung pinion, can produce seconds-hand flutter even in a healthy movement. The earliest examples may lack shock protection; Antiquorum's 1946 ref. 4560 description names none.


Documented fitments include refs. 3745, 4560, 6420, 6422, 6426/6427, 6466, 6480, 6482, 6494, 9083 and 9659. Bonhams also records a ref. 6694 with a III.60 caseback date on Cal. 1210.
Documented fitments include refs. 3745, 4560, 6420, 6422, [[Reference:6426|6426]]/6427, 6466, 6480, 6482, 6494, 9083 and 9659. Bonhams also records a ref. 6694 with a III.60 caseback date on Cal. 1210. Vintage Watch Centre also assigns Cal. 1210 to its ref. 4219, case 056827, but no caliber engraving is visible in the movement photo. The dealer dates the case circa 1948; White's Field Manual lists Cal. 1210 as 1954–1964 on PDF page 91. These conflicting attributions remain tied to that one watch. [[Reference:4219|The 4219 article]] records the discrepancy. [https://www.vintagewatchcentre.com/product/rolex-precision-ref-4219-c1948/ Vintage Watch Centre]; [https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/0b5fdf83/files/uploaded/1.0%20RolexBook-23Mar.pdf The Vintage Rolex Field Manual, PDF p. 91].
 
Auction catalogues identify Cal. 1210 in ref. 8952 examples dated circa 1955 and 1956. Phillips also assigns Cal. 1210 to a ref. 8952 dated circa 1945, earlier than the Field Manual’s 1954–1964 range. Keep that date/caliber pair as an unresolved lot attribution. [[Reference:8952|The 8952 article]] records the examples and date conflict. [https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/important-watches-ge1801/lot.263.html Sotheby’s, lot 263]; [https://www.monacolegendauctions.com/auction/exclusive-timepieces-31/lot-57 Monaco Legend, lot 57]; [https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/101135 Phillips, lot 1037]; [https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/0b5fdf83/files/uploaded/1.0%20RolexBook-23Mar.pdf The Vintage Rolex Field Manual, p. 91].


<span id="cal-1215"></span>
<span id="cal-1215"></span>
Line 1,022: Line 1,092:
The higher-beat generation replaces the 1210's screwed Glucydur balance and Breguet overcoil with a smooth-rimmed balance and flat hairspring. Gilt and nickel-plated inertia blocks provide about ten seconds per day of fine adjustment across their range; the index handles larger corrections. Separate regulator, stud-support and regulating-stud parts confirm that this is an index-regulated movement, not a free-sprung one.
The higher-beat generation replaces the 1210's screwed Glucydur balance and Breguet overcoil with a smooth-rimmed balance and flat hairspring. Gilt and nickel-plated inertia blocks provide about ten seconds per day of fine adjustment across their range; the index handles larger corrections. Separate regulator, stud-support and regulating-stud parts confirm that this is an index-regulated movement, not a free-sprung one.


Cal. 1220 appears mainly in the oversize ref. 8029, but its dates conflict. Phillips gives 1950, Antiquorum dates case 714105 to about 1951, and Sotheby's dates that same case to about 1961 without naming its caliber. The earlier dates sit awkwardly beside the later-1960s siblings and remain unresolved. Claims that 1220 movements were commonly signed 1225, including those in later ref. 6426 production, are unverified.
Cal. 1220 appears mainly in the oversize ref. 8029, but its dates conflict. Phillips gives 1950, Antiquorum dates case 714105 to about 1951, and Sotheby's dates that same case to about 1961 without naming its caliber. The earlier dates sit awkwardly beside the later-1960s siblings and remain unresolved. Phillips identifies a late [[Reference:6426|ref. 6426]] movement as RB 1225. That catalogue supports the marking on this watch; whether it began as a Cal. 1220 and was re-marked has not been established.


<span id="cal-1225"></span>
<span id="cal-1225"></span>
Line 1,070: Line 1,140:
For an Oysterdate Precision with Cal. 1225, service requirements depend on the condition of the individual watch. Rolex’s published procedure begins with a watchmaker’s examination and an estimate. It does not promise routine acceptance of every vintage caliber or a particular rate and power reserve after service.
For an Oysterdate Precision with Cal. 1225, service requirements depend on the condition of the individual watch. Rolex’s published procedure begins with a watchmaker’s examination and an estimate. It does not promise routine acceptance of every vintage caliber or a particular rate and power reserve after service.


Documented fitments include refs. 6426, 6466 and, most often, 6694 from the late 1960s through at least 1979. Comparison of a 1966 ref. 6694 with Cal. 1215 and a 1973 example with 1225 places the changeover around 1967.
Documented fitments include [[Reference:6426|ref. 6426]], 6466 and, most often, 6694 from the late 1960s through at least 1979. Comparison of a 1966 ref. 6694 with Cal. 1215 and a 1973 example with 1225 places the changeover around 1967.


<span id="cal-1200"></span>
<span id="cal-1200"></span>
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Cal. 1030 is a bidirectionally wound automatic used in 1950s Oyster references. Its 5.85mm profile ended the domed Bubbleback caseback, while the cutaway "butterfly" rotor stamped ROLEX PERPETUAL PATENTED is the usual visual identifier. Finishing includes perlage on the rhodium-plated main plate, brushed bridges, polished screw heads and red anodized-aluminium reversing wheels. A conventional index regulates the movement; the visible regulator arm distinguishes it from the later free-sprung 1560 and 1570. Documented fitments include ref. 6098 from 1952, Oyster Perpetual 6502 and 6567, Submariners 6536, 6536-1 and 6538, Explorer 6610 and Air-King 6552. Artcurial, Antiquorum and Sotheby’s catalogue 6502 examples with Cal. 1030; Watch-Wiki independently lists the association. The case 36701 records conflict: the Invaluable archive of Monaco Legend labels it 6502, while Phillips identifies that case as 6603. The competing catalogue attributions leave its reference unresolved. [https://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/rolex-oyster-perpetual-ref-6502-honeycomb-dial-166-c-8e042b2aae Invaluable archive of Monaco Legend, lot 166]; [https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/134192 Phillips, lot 254] The Field Manual and several auction catalogues identify Cal. 1030 in Oyster Perpetual 6567 examples; Ineichen lists Cal. 1050 for one 6567. Other catalogues assign Cal. 1050 to refs. 6564, 6569 and Submariner 6536/1. These are descriptions of individual watches; the Cal. 1050 entry records the competing attributions.
Cal. 1030 is a bidirectionally wound automatic used in 1950s Oyster references. Its 5.85mm profile ended the domed Bubbleback caseback, while the cutaway "butterfly" rotor stamped ROLEX PERPETUAL PATENTED is the usual visual identifier. Finishing includes perlage on the rhodium-plated main plate, brushed bridges, polished screw heads and red anodized-aluminium reversing wheels. A conventional index regulates the movement; the visible regulator arm distinguishes it from the later free-sprung 1560 and 1570. Documented fitments include ref. 6098 from 1952, Oyster Perpetual 6502, 6567 and 6584, Submariners 6536, 6536-1 and 6538, Explorer 6610 and Air-King 6552. Artcurial, Antiquorum and Sotheby’s catalogue 6502 examples with Cal. 1030; Watch-Wiki independently lists the association. The case 36701 records conflict: the Invaluable archive of Monaco Legend labels it 6502, while Phillips identifies that case as 6603. The competing catalogue attributions leave its reference unresolved. [https://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/rolex-oyster-perpetual-ref-6502-honeycomb-dial-166-c-8e042b2aae Invaluable archive of Monaco Legend, lot 166]; [https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/134192 Phillips, lot 254] Freeman’s and EBTH catalogue Cal. 1030 in gold [[Reference:6584|ref. 6584]] watches ([https://freemansauction.com/auction/2017-Summer-Edit-Watches-and-Luxury-Accessories/lot/2 Freeman’s, lot 2]; [https://www.ebth.com/items/11312569-vintage-rolex-oyster-perpetual-6584-14k-gold-automatic-wristwatch EBTH, item ITMG535812]). Artcurial’s archived catalogue assigns it to a steel 6584, and Antiquorum to a jointly listed 6080/6584 ([https://www.collectorsquare.com/en/watches/rolex/oyster-perpetual/ref-rolex-6584/lpi Artcurial archive, lot 870]; [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-242-133 Antiquorum, lot 133]). These are lot-level attributions. The Field Manual and several auction catalogues identify Cal. 1030 in Oyster Perpetual 6567 examples; Ineichen lists Cal. 1050 for one 6567. Other catalogues assign Cal. 1050 to refs. 6564, 6569 and Submariner 6536/1. These are descriptions of individual watches; the Cal. 1050 entry records the competing attributions.


<span id="cal-1035"></span>
<span id="cal-1035"></span>
Line 1,223: Line 1,293:
Hodinkee’s 2016 review says the dead-beat function was often removed during service, though the photographed example still worked. Watchmaker Aaron Berlow wrote in 2015 that reports of Rolex replacing the 1040 module with 1030 parts were internet hearsay he had not seen first-hand. These accounts do not establish a service frequency or document a specific replaced movement.
Hodinkee’s 2016 review says the dead-beat function was often removed during service, though the photographed example still worked. Watchmaker Aaron Berlow wrote in 2015 that reports of Rolex replacing the 1040 module with 1030 parts were internet hearsay he had not seen first-hand. These accounts do not establish a service frequency or document a specific replaced movement.


Antiquorum and Dr. Crott report that a 1960 Rolex catalogue proposed ref. 1020 as a successor to the 6556 and that the model was never produced. Neither source reproduces the catalogue page in the reviewed listing; this remains an attributed historical note. No production caliber or fitment is established for 1020, so it is not indexed as a movement.
The literature on the 6556’s proposed successor describes 1020 inconsistently. Antiquorum’s 2012 catalogue and Dr. Crott’s 2019 listing call it a new reference intended to replace the 6556, and say it was never produced. Crott’s 2012 catalogue instead calls 1020 a new caliber. White’s <i>The Vintage Rolex Field Manual</i> lists ref. 1020 with Cal. 1560, a smooth bezel, and a full-size case, but supplies no example or source for that row. The 1960 Rolex catalogue is not reproduced in these records, so they do not establish whether 1020 was only a plan or also identifies a separate Oyster Perpetual, or which movement it would have used.


<span id="cal-1050"></span>
<span id="cal-1050"></span>
Line 1,468: Line 1,538:


Gardiner Houlgate catalogues Cal. 1560 in one ref. 1023, serial 1136xxx, dated circa 1964. Time Connection II’s replacement-parts table lists both Cal. 1560 and 1570 under the reference, without dates or a sequence. The auction record documents one Cal. 1560 example; it does not establish when either caliber entered production.
Gardiner Houlgate catalogues Cal. 1560 in one ref. 1023, serial 1136xxx, dated circa 1964. Time Connection II’s replacement-parts table lists both Cal. 1560 and 1570 under the reference, without dates or a sequence. The auction record documents one Cal. 1560 example; it does not establish when either caliber entered production.
Matthew Bain lists Cal. 1560 in its circa-1963 ref. 1026. Time Connection II lists 1560/1570 for 1026 in a replacement-parts table, while Bachmann & Scher gives no caliber. The 1560 identification is one dealer attribution; the parts table is compatibility data, not a documented Cal. 1570 installation or changeover. See [[Reference:1026|ref. 1026]]. [https://www.matthewbaininc.com/product-page/rare-rolex-oyster-perpetual-ref-1026 Matthew Bain Inc., item 28122]; [https://www.timeconnectioninc.com/pages/rolex-case-reference-list-1000-thru-1873 Time Connection II, 1026 row].


Auction catalogues also identify Cal. 1560 in ref. 1024 examples dated circa 1965/66 and circa 1970. Antiquorum lists Cal. 1560 in a ref. 1011 dated 1960, case 546423, and in two lots jointly catalogued as refs. 1010/1011, dated 1960 and 1962. Heritage also lists Cal. 1560 in an undated ref. 1011 sold in 2012. Heritage and Bonhams list Cal. 1560 in individual ref. 1010 lots dated circa 1962 and circa 1967; Antiquorum lists Cal. 1570 in an individual ref. 1010 circa 1968. The Field Manual lists Cal. 1560 for ref. 1010. A 1stDibs item text also names Cal. 1560 for its claimed 1010, though the page title says 1011; treat it as seller-level evidence. These records document both attributions for ref. 1010, and its changeover year remains open; see [[Reference:1010|ref. 1010]]. Antiquorum catalogues Cal. 1560 in ref. 1501 examples dated 1962 (case 761,220) and 1963 (case 953,774); see [[Reference:1501|ref. 1501]], [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-1501-oyster-perpetual-date-lot-386-200 the 1962 lot], and [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-247-67 the 1963 lot].
Auction catalogues also identify Cal. 1560 in ref. 1024 examples dated circa 1965/66 and circa 1970. Antiquorum lists Cal. 1560 in a ref. 1011 dated 1960, case 546423, and in two lots jointly catalogued as refs. 1010/1011, dated 1960 and 1962. Heritage also lists Cal. 1560 in an undated ref. 1011 sold in 2012. Heritage and Bonhams list Cal. 1560 in individual ref. 1010 lots dated circa 1962 and circa 1967; Antiquorum lists Cal. 1570 in an individual ref. 1010 circa 1968. The Field Manual lists Cal. 1560 for ref. 1010. A 1stDibs item text also names Cal. 1560 for its claimed 1010, though the page title says 1011; treat it as seller-level evidence. These records document both attributions for ref. 1010, and its changeover year remains open; see [[Reference:1010|ref. 1010]]. Antiquorum catalogues Cal. 1560 in ref. 1501 examples dated 1962 (case 761,220) and 1963 (case 953,774); see [[Reference:1501|ref. 1501]], [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-ref-1501-oyster-perpetual-date-lot-386-200 the 1962 lot], and [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-247-67 the 1963 lot].
Line 1,872: Line 1,944:


Rolex introduced Cal. 3186 as a running change, leaving its start date unsettled. Steel 16710 examples begin among late Z- and M-series cases; the lowest documented example is Z 5786xx, but higher Z-series watches can still contain Cal. 3185. Gold references changed earlier. A D-series 116718 catalogued with Cal. 3186 was sold in August 2006, placing the movement in production before the commonly cited 2007 steel transition.
Rolex introduced Cal. 3186 as a running change, leaving its start date unsettled. Steel 16710 examples begin among late Z- and M-series cases; the lowest documented example is Z 5786xx, but higher Z-series watches can still contain Cal. 3185. Gold references changed earlier. A D-series 116718 catalogued with Cal. 3186 was sold in August 2006, placing the movement in production before the commonly cited 2007 steel transition.
Auction catalogues conflict on the 116758 SARU. Christie's assigns Cal. 3185 to examples dated circa 2006 and 2007 ([https://www.christies.com.cn/lot/lot-6042618 lot 6042618]; [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6248960 lot 6248960]); Sotheby's assigns Cal. 3186 to a circa-2007 watch ([https://sothebys-com.brightspotcdn.com/2c/4a/bc2f942e47408a9fdafa1930caff/ge2301-important-watches-part-i.pdf lot 45]). Phillips ([https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/CH080220/14 lot 14]) and a later Christie's lot ([https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6167024 lot 6167024]) also list 3186. Rolex's [https://www.minus4plus6.com/pdf/Rolex2008.pdf 2008 US catalogue] specifies a 31-jewel chronometer without a calibre number. These records leave the reference's movement transition undated.


Both Cal. 3185 and 3186 index the local-hour hand with a jumping-hour click. Cal. 3186 reworked the parts and reduced slack between the drive-train wheels. On Cal. 3185, the 24-hour hand twitches when the local hour jumps; on Cal. 3186, it remains still. Treat this as a screening clue and confirm the caliber by inspecting the movement.
Both Cal. 3185 and 3186 index the local-hour hand with a jumping-hour click. Cal. 3186 reworked the parts and reduced slack between the drive-train wheels. On Cal. 3185, the 24-hour hand twitches when the local hour jumps; on Cal. 3186, it remains still. Treat this as a screening clue and confirm the caliber by inspecting the movement.
Line 1,989: Line 2,063:


Cal. 3035 ran from 1977 to 1988 in the 16800, 168000, 16808, and 16803. It was the first quickset Submariner caliber, with 27 jewels, a 28,800 vph frequency, 48 hours of reserve, hacking, and chronometer certification. Compared with the Cal. 1570 generation, it increased frequency from 19,800 vph and added a crown position that advances the date wheel directly. Its free-sprung Nivarox Breguet overcoil is regulated by four Microstella screws and protected by KIF Elastor.
Cal. 3035 ran from 1977 to 1988 in the 16800, 168000, 16808, and 16803. It was the first quickset Submariner caliber, with 27 jewels, a 28,800 vph frequency, 48 hours of reserve, hacking, and chronometer certification. Compared with the Cal. 1570 generation, it increased frequency from 19,800 vph and added a crown position that advances the date wheel directly. Its free-sprung Nivarox Breguet overcoil is regulated by four Microstella screws and protected by KIF Elastor.
Exact-reference auction catalogues also identify Cal. 3035 in Datejust ref. [[Reference:16003|16003]] examples. The 1977–1988 dates above apply to the listed Submariner references, not to the caliber’s full use across Rolex models. [https://www.dorotheum.com/en/l/1075885/ Dorotheum, case 5,880,264]; [https://www.kaplans.se/en/auktioner/3664?p=20 Kaplans, serial 5,230,455]; [https://www.bidsquare.com/online-auctions/morton-subastas/rolex-oyster-perpetual-datejust-steel-and-14k-yellow-gold-ref-16003-ca-1978-1613056 Morton, lot 134].


Two construction details separate it from Cal. 3135. Its balance sits on a cantilevered cock, and its hairspring is glued to the stud. Cal. 3135 uses a bridge anchored at both ends and a laser-welded hairspring stud.
Two construction details separate it from Cal. 3135. Its balance sits on a cantilevered cock, and its hairspring is glued to the stud. Cal. 3135 uses a bridge anchored at both ends and a laser-welded hairspring stud.
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Cal. 1556 succeeded the 1555 around 1965 and powered the mid- and late four-digit Day-Date until 1977 or 1978. A revised gear train raised the frequency, while a jewel at the top of the centre wheel brought the count to 26. Its rhodium-plated movement has perlage finishing, a full balance bridge and a screwed balance with two gold, star-shaped Microstella regulating screws. Hacking was added during production in 1972 without a new caliber designation; earlier examples do not hack.
Cal. 1556 succeeded the 1555 around 1965 and powered the mid- and late four-digit Day-Date until 1977 or 1978. A revised gear train raised the frequency, while a jewel at the top of the centre wheel brought the count to 26. Its rhodium-plated movement has perlage finishing, a full balance bridge and a screwed balance with two gold, star-shaped Microstella regulating screws. Hacking was added during production in 1972 without a new caliber designation; earlier examples do not hack. Sotheby’s 2024 listing for [[Reference:1601|ref. 1601]] assigns Cal. 1556 to a watch described and photographed with a date-only dial. Rolex’s 1978 [https://www.vrfm.io/Scans/TECHNICAL-SERVICE-INFO-3RD-EDITION-1978.pdf service manual] defines Cal. 1556 as day-and-date, so this remains a catalogue conflict until the movement is inspected. [https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2024/important-watches-2/reference-1601-datejust-a-yellow-gold-automatic Sotheby’s, lot 130].


<span id="cal-1566"></span>
<span id="cal-1566"></span>
Line 3,039: Line 3,115:
* [https://www.hodinkee.com/articles/bring-a-loupe-april-8-2016 Hodinkee, ref. 6556 dial and service observations, 2016]
* [https://www.hodinkee.com/articles/bring-a-loupe-april-8-2016 Hodinkee, ref. 6556 dial and service observations, 2016]
* [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-260-217 Antiquorum, ref. 6556 and proposed ref. 1020, 2012]
* [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-260-217 Antiquorum, ref. 6556 and proposed ref. 1020, 2012]
* [https://uhren-muser.de/catalogues/de/Crott_86_D.pdf Dr. Crott, 86th auction catalogue, Tru Beat model history, 2012; calls 1020 a new caliber]
* [https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/0b5fdf83/files/uploaded/1.0%20RolexBook-23Mar.pdf The Vintage Rolex Field Manual, printed p. 162, Oyster Perpetual reference table, ref. 1020]
* [https://uhren-muser.de/archives/100/50452 Dr. Crott, ref. 6556 and proposed ref. 1020, 2019]
* [https://uhren-muser.de/archives/100/50452 Dr. Crott, ref. 6556 and proposed ref. 1020, 2019]
* [https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/101269 Phillips, ref. 6556, 18K gold, Cal. 1040]
* [https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/101269 Phillips, ref. 6556, 18K gold, Cal. 1040]
Line 3,085: Line 3,163:
* [https://www.fratellowatches.com/a-few-complicated-rolex-watches-from-the-archives/ Giorgia Mondani, Fratello, 2020: case construction and calendar correctors]
* [https://www.fratellowatches.com/a-few-complicated-rolex-watches-from-the-archives/ Giorgia Mondani, Fratello, 2020: case construction and calendar correctors]
* [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6185890 Christie’s: 6062 case 916321, caliber 655]
* [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6185890 Christie’s: 6062 case 916321, caliber 655]
* [https://www.astebolaffi.it/en/lot/261/34/detail Aste Bolaffi, ref. 1858 lot 34 — movement no. 1143 identified as Hunter 8¾ (520)]
* [https://www.watchnet.co.jp/en/item/view/5300 WatchNet Japan, product A-6378 — seller-attributed Cal. 520] [https://catalog.antiquorum.swiss/en/lots/rolex-lot-108-253 Antiquorum, ref. 6006, lot 253]
* [https://www.vintageandprestige.com/product/rolex-oyster-perpetual-bubbleback-1858/ Vintage & Prestige, stock W2107 — seller-listed Cal. 520 / 8¾]
* [https://www.hodinkee.com/articles/the-rolex-bubbleback-and-why-it-still-matters Anthony Traina, Hodinkee, “The Rolex Bubbleback and Why It Still Matters”, 7 October 2024 — movement-family account]


* [https://watchdoctor.biz/movements-and-calibers/ Watch Doctor: movements and calibers chart. Secondary compilation; no underlying Rolex document identified.]
* [https://watchdoctor.biz/movements-and-calibers/ Watch Doctor: movements and calibers chart. Secondary compilation; no underlying Rolex document identified.]
Line 3,218: Line 3,300:
* [https://jewelry.ha.com/itm/timepieces/wristwatch/rolex-steel-bubbleback-ref-6108/a/171206-74039.s Heritage Auctions, 2012, lot 74039, ref. 6108 case 803752]
* [https://jewelry.ha.com/itm/timepieces/wristwatch/rolex-steel-bubbleback-ref-6108/a/171206-74039.s Heritage Auctions, 2012, lot 74039, ref. 6108 case 803752]
* [https://www.uhreneder.de/en/wristwatches/vintage-rolex/rolex-oyster-perpetual Antike Uhren Eder, ref. 6108 item 7140rol]
* [https://www.uhreneder.de/en/wristwatches/vintage-rolex/rolex-oyster-perpetual Antike Uhren Eder, ref. 6108 item 7140rol]
* [https://jewelry.ha.com/c/item.zx?ic16=ViewItem-Auction-Archive-JumpLot-PreviousLot-050318&lotNo=56280&saleNo=5242 Heritage Auctions, ref. 3351 Regent, case 118141, Cal. 59]
* [https://dawsons.blob.core.windows.net/main/Full%20Catalogue%20-%20May%202022%20Jewellery.pdf Dawsons, ref. 3351 Lincoln, serial 170648, Cal. 59]
* [https://wannabuyawatch.com/product/rolex-oyster-standard-ref-3351-boys-size-circa-1941/ Wanna Buy A Watch, ref. 3351 Standard, Cal. 59]
* [https://antiwatchman.com/products/detail.php?product_id=14533 AntiWatchman, ref. 3351 Regent movement photograph]
* [https://www.darlor-watch.com/rolex_watches_3.html Darlor, dealer-described 3351-F, serial 118,489, Cal. 59]
* [https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-3057585 Christie's, ref. 3351 Extra Precision, Extra Prima]
* [https://www.christies.com.cn/lot/lot-6042618 Christie's, ref. 116758 SARU, circa-2006, Cal. 3185 attributed]
* [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6248960 Christie's, ref. 116758 SARU, circa-2007, Cal. 3185 attributed]
* [https://sothebys-com.brightspotcdn.com/2c/4a/bc2f942e47408a9fdafa1930caff/ge2301-important-watches-part-i.pdf Sotheby's, ref. 116758 with SARU bezel, circa-2007, Cal. 3186 attributed]
* [https://www.phillips.com/detail/rolex/CH080220/14 Phillips, ref. 116758 SARU, circa-2009, Cal. 3186 attributed]
* [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6167024 Christie's, ref. 116758 SARU, circa-2010, Cal. 3186 attributed]
* [https://www.minus4plus6.com/pdf/Rolex2008.pdf Rolex USA, 2008 catalogue, 31-jewel chronometer specification without calibre number]
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