Reference:16710: Difference between revisions

|description=The 16710 is the long-running steel GMT-Master II, 1989 to 2007, caliber 3185 with rare late-run 3186, three bezel options (Pepsi, Coke, all-black), Mark 1 tritium / Mark 2 Luminova / Mark 3 Super-LumiNova lume sequence, late stick dial.

The 16710 is the long-running neo-vintage GMT-Master II. It takes the architecture of the thick transitional [[Reference:16760|16760]], slims the case, keeps the independently adjustable 24-hour hand, and stays in production for eighteen years, long enough to accumulate its own late-run mythology. Stick dials, the rare cal 3186, solid-end-link bracelets, no-holes cases, and the 1998 Luminova dials still printed with T<25 text all sit under the same reference number.

 

A 1990 Pepsi and a 2007 stick-dial 3186 with a no-holes case share little beyond the reference number.

| 1989 to 2007 (Field Manual reference table); a narrative note pushes discontinuation into a 2007–2008 transition. Replaced by the 116710LN ceramic in 2007

| sapphire with Cyclops; laser-etched coronet at 6 o'clock from 2003 onward

| caliber 3185 across most of the run; rare late-production caliber 3186 with Parachrom blue hairspring on Z- and M-serial end-of-line examples

| Mark 1 (1989–1997, "SWISS – T<25" tritium); Mark 2 (1998–1999, "SWISS" Luminova, narrow transitional window); Mark 3 (2000–2007, "SWISS MADE" Super-LumiNova). Late stick-dial sub-variant on D-serial onward

| 24-hour aluminium insert in three factory configurations: Pepsi (16710B), Coke (16710A), all-black (16710N). Coke disappears with the 2007 ceramic transition and never returns in aluminium

| 78360 Oyster with hollow end-links → SEL Oyster from 2000 (78790A with 801 SEL end-links, later integrated stamped 78790A); Jubilee 62510H with 502B end-links optional

| 16710T, no-holes case introduced 2003 alongside laser-etched crown; pairs with the SEL bracelet and (on the latest Z and M serials) the cal 3186 + stick dial

The 16710 is the reference that normalises the GMT-Master II after the thick, short-run [[Reference:16760|16760]]. The 16760 established the independent-hour-hand architecture in a deliberately bulky case. The 16710 takes the same movement logic, slims the case, and offers the widest bezel palette of any five-digit GMT. Three factory bezel codes ran across the entire 1989–2007 production: 16710A (Coke), 16710B (Pepsi), 16710N (all-black). The two-tone 16713 and the all-yellow-gold 16718 carry the same flyer-GMT mechanic in different metals.

The ceramic references that follow, the 116710LN at Baselworld 2007, then the 116710BLNR Batman, the 116719BLRO Pepsi, and the current 126710BLRO / GRNR generation, move to a more modern case and bezel language. The 116710LN replacement killed the aluminium Coke and Pepsi options on the steel GMT entirely; aluminium Coke never returned, and ceramic Pepsi only arrived later on the gold 116719 in 2014 and the steel 126710BLRO in 2018.

Production began in 1989 and ran deep into the 2000s. The end date is the only point worth arguing. Colin A. White's ''The Vintage Rolex Field Manual'' (Morning Tundra) gives 1989–2007 in its reference table, then pushes discontinuation into 2008 in its narrative note. The honest reading is 1989 into a 2007/2008 transition, with the 116710LN replacement launched at Baselworld 2007.

The late edge is more than a serial-chart footnote. A documented 2008-papered 16710 pairs the pre-ceramic aluminium Pepsi insert and a stick dial with caliber 3186. Regular production had ended by then, yet five-digit cases, aluminium inserts, late dials, and the newer GMT movement still turn up together in a small final band, which makes the 2007/2008 boundary a real collecting distinction.

Internal variation grows as the reference ages. The early band, 1989 to 1997 on A through N serials, wears Mark 1 tritium dials, hollow-end-link Oyster bracelets, lug-hole cases, and the standard cal 3185. Between 1997 and 1999, on S through W serials, the lume changes over and rare Mark 2 transitional dials surface in 1998. Everything from 2000 to 2007, on A through M serials, carries Mark 3 Super-LumiNova dials, SEL bracelets from 2000, the laser-etched crown and no-holes case from 2003 (the unofficial 16710T), the late stick dial from about 2005 onward, and the rare cal 3186 on Z- and M-serial end-of-line examples.

For most of the run, the movement is caliber 3185: 31 jewels, 28,800 vph, hacking, quickset date, COSC chronometer rating, the standard flyer-GMT mechanic with independently adjustable local hour hand. The late-run complication is caliber 3186, which adds the Parachrom blue hairspring (Rolex's paramagnetic and shock-resistant alternative to the original Nivarox flat hairspring) and a revised GMT wheel.

The 3186 debuted in the yellow-gold 116718 at Baselworld 2005. Finding it inside a five-digit 16710 case is the rare transitional configuration that closes the reference.

The caliber change is a material upgrade that leaves the GMT system itself unchanged. Logan Baker, writing for Phillips, describes the 3186 as largely similar in form and function to the 3185, with the blue Parachrom hairspring as the meaningful difference. The collector distinction is narrow. A 3186 16710 earns its premium for pairing the later six-digit-era movement with the last aluminium-bezel five-digit case; the watch runs exactly like any other 16710.

 

Z-series and M-series end-of-run examples are where the 3186 appears. Everything built before 2007 carries the 3185, which makes the market shorthand "stick dial = cal 3186" too neat. Published collector analysis counts roughly equal 3185 and 3186 stick dials in the secondary market, and a 2005 D-serial example is documented with a stick dial well inside the 3185 era.

 

The Field Manual contradicts itself here. Its transitions note cites caliber 3135 for the 16710 while the main reference table lists 3185 / 3186, and the table has it right: cal 3135 is a date-only Submariner and Datejust movement with no GMT module.

Eighteen years of production show up on the dial more than anywhere else, in the bezel colour, the lume compound, and the printing along the bottom edge.

=== Standard bezel branches ===

Three bezel-insert colours run across the entire reference: Pepsi (red and blue, code 16710B), Coke (red and black, code 16710A), and all-black (code 16710N). All three were factory delivery configurations through every year of production. Dating a watch from its insert alone is unreliable, since all three configurations share a case-back reference number and the same dial-text printing. What matters is whether the insert agrees with the era of the whole watch head.

=== Lume sequence: Mark 1 / Mark 2 / Mark 3 ===

 

* Mark 1 (1989–1997, A through N serial): "SWISS – T<25" text. Tritium luminous compound. Plots age cream to warm beige to mustard depending on UV exposure.

* Mark 2 (1998–1999, narrow handover): "SWISS" only at the bottom. Luminova compound replaces tritium. Rare transitional dials pair Luminova plots with the older "SWISS – T<25" text, covered below. Lume on both readings is bright, white, and stable.

* Mark 3 (2000–2007, A through M serial): "SWISS MADE" text. Super-LumiNova compound. The dominant late-run configuration.

=== Transitional T<25 Luminova dial (1998) ===

A small batch of genuine 1998 dials use Luminova but still print "SWISS – T<25" at the bottom. The 1998 lume change happened mid-run, and Rolex used remaining dial stock with the older text printed on it. That makes the watches easy to misread as fake or re-lumed if the buyer expects the cleaner Mark 1 / Mark 2 / Mark 3 cutover. The configuration is real factory transitional output, narrow to 1998 only.

=== Stick dial ===

The late 16710 dial uses a flatter, straighter "stick" font for the dial text, a block-serif printing style that distinguishes the final years of production from the earlier rounder font. The Field Manual treats the stick dial as a genuine dateable transition, ruling out a service-dial explanation.

The stick dial appears across all three bezel branches, Pepsi, Coke, and all-black, and with both calibers. A 2005 D-serial stick-dial example is documented, and later Z-serial and M-serial stick dials turn up with cal 3185 and cal 3186 alike. Late stick-dial watches account for roughly 5–7% of 16710 secondary-market supply. The safe reading is a late-run dial-text style that peaks between 2005 and 2007, with no lock to a bezel, a caliber, or a serial letter.

 

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[[File:Ref 16710 crown.webp|thumb|right|240px|alt=16710 case flank and screw-down crown|Case flank and screw-down crown]]

The case shares the 40mm footprint of the 16760 but is slimmer and less blocky, which is most of what moves the 16710 out of the transitional register and into neo-vintage. Three documented changes land in the second half of the run.

SEL bracelet (2000). Solid end links replace the earlier hollow folded end links. The previous Oyster bracelet (78360) had hollow folded end links with a lighter feel and a visible seam from the side. The SEL version uses a solid block of steel where the bracelet meets the case, closing that seam and giving the wrist end a heavier, more modern presentation. Bracelet code shifts to 78790A; early SEL examples carry separate 801 SEL end-links, later integrated 78790A is stamped on the end-link itself.

Laser-etched coronet (2003). A tiny Rolex crown is etched into the sapphire crystal at six o'clock, marking the crystal as genuine and making it harder to counterfeit. It shows at an angle under raking light, which makes it one of the fastest ways to separate a pre-2003 watch from a later one without opening the case.

 

No-holes case (2003). The revision filled the external lug holes earlier production carried, which had let a simple tool push the spring bars out from outside. The change matched the convention already in place on the other modernised sports models. Collectors file the result under the unofficial 16710T name, where the T marks the no-lug-hole case stamp.

 

An SEL bracelet, a laser-etched crown, and a no-holes case together mark a true final-generation watch. Add a stick dial and the cal 3186 and it is the most upgraded 16710 Rolex ever shipped.

 

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[[File:Ref 16710 caseback.webp|thumb|left|240px|alt=16710 caseback with reference sticker|Caseback with factory reference sticker]]

Early watches, 1989 to 1999, left the factory on the Oyster 78360 with hollow 501 or 501B end-links. From 2000 the Oyster 78790A takes over, first with separate 801 solid end-links and from about 2003 with the end-link stamped 78790A itself. The Jubilee 62510H on 502B end-links stayed an option throughout.

Surviving examples lean Oyster today, a survivorship effect. Jubilee fitment was part of the reference's factory delivery throughout; it simply shows up less often now in the dealer population. Clasp-stamp dating is the single cleanest cross-check on bracelet originality, a clasp dating later than the watch head implies a swap or a service-era replacement.

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=== Pepsi (16710B) ===

The Pepsi branch carries the family's red-and-blue identity straight into the neo-vintage era. Born-Pepsi authentication needs the insert generation, the case period, and the rest of the watch to agree. Serial alone does not.

=== Coke (16710A) ===

The Coke branch is the clearest bridge back to the 16760. It is less common than Pepsi in the surviving market, and it tends to fade more quietly. The A-suffix code is the catalogue shorthand for factory Coke delivery. Aluminium Coke never returned to the GMT-Master II line after the 2007 ceramic transition, original Coke production ended with the 16710.

=== Black bezel (16710N) ===

The quietest 16710 branch. The N-suffix catalogue code marks factory black delivery. Without papers, the insert is just a swappable part; papers are what establish it as original. Aftermarket and dealer-fitted black inserts on Pepsi or Coke cases circulate freely.

=== Late stick-dial cal 3186 ===

The most specialised configuration of the reference: late stick font on the dial, the Parachrom-hairspring 3186 in place of the 3185 that powered most of the run, and a case carrying the SEL bracelet, the laser-etched crown, and, in the final year, the no-holes treatment. Stick dials start around 2005 on D-serials and run to the Z- and M-serial end of the line, while the 3186 concentrates in those last Z and M years. The two overlap without being the same thing, which is why stick dials are documented with both calibers.

=== "Albino" modification (not a Rolex production watch) ===

 

The Real McCoy's / Chuck Yeager watches are a different matter. A documented P-series 16710, retailed by The Real McCoy's on 30 May 2001, carried a red "Chuck Yaeger" dial signature, a case back engraved with General Chuck Yaeger, P-51 and X-1 markings, and The Real McCoy's guarantee of authenticity, Antiquorum's own catalogue text misspells the aviator's name both places. Antiquorum, which sold the watch at its Geneva auction on 8 May 2010, records the project as a commemoration of the 50th anniversary of Yeager's 1947 sound-barrier flight and notes that both 16700 and 16710 examples are known. It was a period retail collaboration, later resold at auction nine years after the original sale.

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The 16710's primary market is dealers; major-auction appearances are comparatively rare. Across that market the internal spread reads clearly: early Coke examples concentrate near the start of the run, Pepsi listings spread across the full window, and quieter all-black-bezel watches concentrate in the later years. Late stick-dial cal 3186 watches sit at the top of the internal hierarchy before the ceramic [[Reference:116710LN|116710LN]] replacement. Provenance lifts where present, Concorde-pilot, Real McCoy's, and Tiffany retailer-stamped examples carry meaningful documentation premiums above the standard market.

The Brian Trubshaw example is the cleanest provenance case in the current table because its paper trail is documented directly in the lot listing. Sotheby's catalogued it with a punched Rolex guarantee dated 21 October 1994, document holder, booklets, 1994/95 calendar, framed GMT-Master II advert, hangtags, and presentation case. The catalogue also states that the papers show the watch was issued to Trubshaw directly by Rolex at its headquarters in 1993, likely in exchange during service.